Database Query Optimization Under Load0/6
Principal

Monday, February 2, 2026

Database Query Optimization Under Load

Optimize the latency of a database query system handling heavy read traffic.

Latency AnalysisPerformance OptimizationCapacity Planning

00The Situation

The interview is designed for a senior to principal engineer level, focusing on identifying and alleviating performance bottlenecks in a high-read environment.

πŸ’­

Take 10-15 minutes to think through how you would approach this before continuing.

1

Clarify Requirements

5-10 min

Let's start by clarifying the requirements and constraints of this system.

πŸ’­

Think about this first

Consider what specific performance metrics and constraints might guide your optimization strategy.

2

Estimate Scale

5 min

Estimate the scale of the system and calculate necessary resources.

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Think about this first

Think about the data size, QPS, and resource requirements.

3

Define High-Level Architecture

10 min

Design the architecture to support optimized query performance.

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Think about this first

Consider components like caching, databases, and network optimizations.

4

Address Failures & Bottlenecks

5-7 min

Identify and mitigate potential failures and performance bottlenecks.

πŸ’­

Think about this first

Think about how failures could propagate and impact performance.